Couple looking at bills

Follow these steps to hire and work with a bankruptcy attorney, to keep creditors from taking further action against you.

6 Steps to Hire a Bankruptcy Attorney

Knoxville residents can file their bankruptcy petitions with the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee. The court is located at Howard H. Baker Jr. U.S. Courthouse, 800 Market St., Suite 330, Knoxville, TN 37902.

You can download Knoxville bankruptcy forms from this link: <a href="https://www.tneb.uscourts.gov/suggested-forms">https://www.tneb.uscourts.gov/suggested-forms</a>.

Unsecured debts are those granted based on the individual’s credit record and are not tied to collateral. These include credit card debts and medical bills. Unsecured debts are generally discharged or “forgiven” during bankruptcy. On the other hand, secured debts are guaranteed by collateral, such as mortgages and car loans. The collateral can be taken and used to pay off your debts if you file for bankruptcy in Knoxville.

Your Knoxville bankruptcy attorney can send the creditor a reminder of your automatic stay or take legal action against the creditor for violating it. Bankruptcy petitioners are granted an automatic stay right after filing to halt all collection efforts for their debts. Debt collectors and creditors are also not allowed to contact you once the court ordered the stay.

Debtors can file for Chapter 13 bankruptcy if they have a consistent income flow, allowing them to make regular payments toward the debt. Their tax return filings must also be up to date. And, they must not have received a discharge for a Chapter 7 bankruptcy for the last four years. Consult your Knoxville bankruptcy attorney to determine whether filing for Chapter 13 is ideal for your circumstances.

Employers cannot use your bankruptcy record against you when making employment-related decisions, including hiring or firing you. Your employer also cannot demote you or reduce your salary on the basis of your bankruptcy. Speak with a Knoxville bankruptcy attorney to understand your other employment rights in the context of bankruptcy.

Emergency bankruptcy is a streamlined method for Knoxville residents in urgent situations that require a quick automatic stay. Here are some examples:
<ul>
<li>Your house is being scheduled for foreclosure sale</li>
<li>A creditor is filing a lawsuit against you</li>
<li>The IRS is seizing your assets or putting a tax levy on you</li>
<li>The government is attempting to freeze your bank accounts</li>
<li>Your business is at risk of closure</li>
</ul>

Bankruptcy attorneys help clients understand whether they qualify for bankruptcy and what their best options are. They also prepare and file petitions, answer questions during the proceedings, and educate clients about potential best steps for a positive bankruptcy outcome. Bankruptcy attorneys might also file motions or paperwork if creditors dispute the bankruptcy, or to stop creditors from taking collections actions forbidden by the bankruptcy.

Bankruptcy is a formal process that individuals, married couples, or businesses can enact when they are no longer able to pay creditors. In a bankruptcy proceeding, filers are allowed to reduce debt to more manageable levels to best pay off money owed.Once the bankruptcy process is initiated, debt collectors can no longer seek repayments outside of the arrangements detailed in the bankruptcy settlement. Some forms of bankruptcy result in the liquidation of assets to pay back debts, while others allow filers to retain most of their possessions and investments. Many types of unsecured debt can be managed with bankruptcy filings, but not all.

Under most circumstances, student loans aren't dischargeable and aren't included in bankruptcy proceedings. In rare cases, it may be possible to eliminate student loans through bankruptcy, but only if the courts determine that continuing to pay the loans would impose an undue hardship. Meeting the criteria for undue hardship is challenging, and most bankruptcy filers don't qualify.

Bankruptcy fraud is a blanket term that refers to any kind of dishonest bankruptcy proceeding, which can include:<ul><li>Hiding assets by transferring them to another person or entity</li><li>Intentionally omitting assets when reporting to the court</li><li>Destroying or withholding required documents</li><li>Knowingly making false statements to bankruptcy trustees or creditors</li></ul>

How long bankruptcy stays on public record depends on the kind of bankruptcy filing in question. Chapter 7 bankruptcy remains on the record for 10 years as there isn't necessarily a repayment component. Chapter 13 bankruptcy remains on the record for seven years as some obligations are repaid following filing based on the terms of a discharge settlement.

Bankruptcy can clear tax debt, depending on the circumstances. Taxes are dischargeable under Chapter 7 bankruptcy, not Chapter 13, and only if the tax debt is:<ul><li>Federal income tax debt related to current properly filed tax returns</li><li>Honestly incurred with no fraud or evasion</li><li>At least three years old</li><li>Assessed at least 240 days before bankruptcy filings</li></ul>Existing liens are not eliminated with bankruptcy.

In many cases, it's possible to keep a vehicle following Chapter 7 bankruptcy. The Chapter 7 Motor Vehicle Exemption allows filers who own their vehicles outright or who are up to date with payments to keep their cars. However, those behind on making car payments are required to arrange a repayment plan. Otherwise, the vehicle may be repossessed as a part of the proceedings.

Although possible, due to the damaging nature of bankruptcy, filing bankruptcy more than once isn't recommended. Filing multiple times puts a serious burden on one's credit report, making it harder to get a loan, buy a house, buy a car, or even open credit cards.Note that filing for bankruptcy isn't something that can be done at a filer's leisure. There are time limits following bankruptcy cases that dictate when it's permissible to file again. For example, after Chapter 7 bankruptcy, filers must wait at least eight years before filing Chapter 7 again or four years before filing Chapter 13.

Anyone can file bankruptcy, but there are limitations regarding which form of bankruptcy is permissible. Qualifying for Chapter 7 requires a means test that evaluates income, debt levels, and income left over each month after paying basic obligations. Income over the median set by the court and monthly income that allows meaningful payments toward unsecured debt can disqualify filers from Chapter 7, which is generally the preferred form of bankruptcy due to the possibility of a full discharge. Anyone can file Chapter 13 bankruptcy, but the terms are less favorable. In most cases, some debts must be repaid following a successful filing. Chapter 13 is also more likely to result in asset forfeiture.

Bankruptcies are noted on credit reports. How much a bankruptcy might drop a person's credit score depends on how high the score was to begin with, but generally speaking, the hit can be as much as 100 to 200 points. Often scores are already dropping because people filing for bankruptcy may have already missed payments on debts. Chapter 13 bankruptcies are listed on credit reports for seven years from the filing date, while Chapter 7 bankruptcies are listed for 10 years from the filing date. This is because Chapter 13 bankruptcies require at least partial payment of debts owed.

Filing a bankruptcy petition causes an automatic stay. This legally stops creditors from taking further action to collect debt, including garnishing wages or foreclosing on property. Going through a bankruptcy successfully means that debts included in the bankruptcy are discharged and don't have to be paid back, except as provided in a Chapter 13 repayment plan. Bankruptcy can help someone recover from financial duress so they can make better decisions and improve financial situations in the future. Disadvantages can include temporary lower credit scores and limitations on spending and financing.

Debt settlement occurs when people negotiate with individual creditors. The creditor agrees to take a payment that's lower than what someone owes and call the debt “paid in full.” Bankruptcy is a legal process that causes debts to be dismissed after someone proves they don't currently have the means to pay their debts as owed. Typically, someone can't enter into bankruptcy and also settle some debts, because the court would see that as favoring one creditor over another.