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For most people, paying monthly energy bills is an afterthought. You may notice small monthly changes and grumble as the total cost increases, but you...

Home Energy Guide: Energy Efficient Lighting

Replacing a light fixture is a relatively easy task, but it’s common for problems to arise during the installation. Homeowners frequently uncover existing wiring problems and unforeseen challenges while replacing fixtures, such as wires that are too short, mounting brackets that don’t fit the installation space, and electrical boxes that aren’t up to code. These issues can quickly complicate an otherwise simple project. Additionally, new light fixtures may require at least 10 feet of updated wire to prevent overheating. Electricians also have tricks for installing recessed lights and fixtures without damaging the drywall, which can make it even more worthwhile to consult a professional.

Hiring a licensed electrician to install or replace a ceiling fan is often the best decision, especially for homeowners who aren’t well-versed in electrical codes and wiring techniques. Electricians can select the proper type of electrical box and brace to contain the wires and support the extra weight of the fan. Working with a professional is also helpful for preventing time-consuming mistakes and potential safety hazards related to improper materials or wiring.

While many tech-savvy homeowners can install their own thermostat, hiring an electrician is a smart choice, especially when the wiring needs to be modified. Most programmable thermostats use a five-terminal setup that requires a common wire, or C-wire, to provide continuous power. These systems aren’t compatible with earlier two- and four-wire configurations. Additionally, improper wiring can prevent the HVAC system from running properly.

Installing a new outlet involves permanently modifying a home’s electrical system, so a permit is required in most cases. Additionally, the installation must comply with wiring and placement standards established by the National Electric Code. For example, GFCI outlets are needed in all damp locations, and outlets on dedicated circuits require heavier wiring. The installation process may also involve removing a section of drywall to accommodate a new electrical box or drilling through an exterior wall to install a new outdoor power receptacle. Due to the complexity of each installation, it’s wise for homeowners to consult a licensed professional.

Building permits are required for any type of work that involves permanent modifications to a home’s electrical system, including installing new outlets, light fixtures, or circuit breakers. Low-voltage wiring systems for alarms and landscape lights also require permits. Homeowners who are unsure if they need a permit can consult a licensed electrician or ask their local building department. Some communities sanction homeowners to apply for permits while others will only accept applications from licensed contractors. Additionally, all covered work will be reviewed by a building inspector.

Replacing a circuit breaker is a fairly complex electrical repair. Usually, this type of work should be performed by an experienced professional who can accurately diagnose the problem and is familiar with wiring techniques and safety protocols. This project involves disabling all branch and main circuits and checking for currents before removing the faulty breaker. You also need to find an identical replacement circuit breaker. In most cases, breakers only need to be replaced if the contacts are worn or if they have been damaged due to arcing or electrical overloads. There’s also a chance that the problem could be caused by a short circuit, faulty bus bar, or defect in another part of the electrical system. A professional electrician can determine this for you.

In ideal conditions, circuit breakers should last for several decades. However, electrical overloads and building conditions can shorten a breaker’s lifespan. Breakers should be replaced if there are signs of physical damage, such as burn marks, damaged insulation, or melted wires. Breakers that trip repeatedly or won’t stay reset in the absence of overloads or short circuits may be nearing the end of their lifespan. Annual inspections can help to detect problems before they cause safety concerns.

A master electrician is a certified, experienced electrician who typically has more experience and credentials than a journeyman electrician. Master electricians can own their own businesses and supervise other electricians. The qualifications for this certification vary by state but can include a degree or certain education requirements and years of experience. Usually, master electricians have previously received journeyman status, which also requires a certain number of hours or years worked in the field or completion of an apprenticeship program. Jobs that may best be tasked to a master electrician include:
<ul>
<li>Installing a circuit breaker</li>
<li>Rewiring a home</li>
<li>Installing an appliance circuit</li>
<li>Installing an electric baseboard heater</li>
<li>Repairing aluminum wiring</li>
<li>Designing and planning an electrical system for a residence or commercial property</li>
</ul>

Typically, a plumber installs a garbage disposal because the work involves pipes and water flow under the sink. The power usually comes from simply plugging the disposal into a wall outlet. If a new outlet needs to be installed to support the disposal, an electrician can be hired to do that work before the plumber installs the disposal.

Yes, a professional electrician is actually important to the solar panel installation process because solar panels must be integrated into a home's power, which can be complex. Hiring a professional electrician who's bonded and insured offers some peace of mind. If something happens with the installation, you may have some recourse for covering damages.

Princeton, NJ

New Jersey Board of Examiners of Electrical Contractors